The Socio-Politics of Evaluating: Some Issues of Values, Roles, and Tactics
Keywords:
educational evaluation, program evaluation, educational research, accountability, educational policy, values in educationAbstract
La littérature contemporaine qui traite d'évaluation en pédagogie tend à décrire la réalité sociale de façon plus harmonieuse qu'elle ne l'est vraiment dans les faits. Lorsqu'on se penche sur les éléments « socio-politiques » rattachés à l'évaluation, on constate (a) la fonction essentielle dévolue aux valeurs et à la valorisation dans l'acte d'évaluer et (b) l'importance des problèmes soulevés par les attentes divergentes au niveau des rôles que peuvent avoir les « évaluateurs » et les « évalués ». On propose plusieurs tactiques pour libérer l'acte d'évaluer de ces contraintes socio-politiques. L'une d'elles est le concept de réflexivité que l'on perçoit comme un antidote contre la présente domination du positivisme dans le domaine de l'évaluation. Il semble que le succès de la remise en question de l'acte d'évaluer doive passer par le dépassement d'une approche technologique pour pouvoir saisir les influences sociales, politiques et éthiques du milieu.
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