Reconceptualizing “Classroom Deviance”: The Play Elements of Classroom Interactions

Authors

  • Peter R. Grahame Bentley College
  • David W. Jardine University of Calgary

Keywords:

classroom deviance, play, classroom interaction, classroom discourse, conversation analysis, student behaviour

References

Bateson, G. (1972). A theory of play and fantasy. Steps to an ecology of mind (pp. 177–193). New York: Ballantine Books.

Cohen, A. (1955). Delinquent boys. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.

Corrigan, P. (1979). Schooling and the Smash Street kids. London: Macmillan.

Gadamer, H. G. (1975). Truth and method. New York: Seabury Press.

Grahame, P. R. (1986, October). Doing nothing? Play, structure and power in the lives of youth. Presented at the Bergamo Conference on Curriculum Theory and Classroom Practice, Dayton, OH.

Grahame, P. R., & Jardine, D. W. (in press). Playful resistance: An exploration of classroom deviance. Curriculum Inquiry.

Heap, J. (1985). Discourse in the production of classroom knowledge: Reading lessons. Curriculum Inquiry, 15, 245–279.

Huizinga, J. (1955). Homo ludens: A study of the play element in culture. New York: Beacon Books.

Jardine, D. W. (in press). Play and hermeneutics: An exploration of the bi-polarities of mutual understanding. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing.

Mehan, H. (1979). Learning lessons: Social organization in the classroom. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Ricoeur, P. (1984). Hermeneutics and the human sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sacks, H., Schegeloff, E., & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language, 50, 696–735.

Sutton-Smith, B. (1984). Text and context in imaginative play and the social sciences. In A. Goncu & F. Kessel (Eds.), Analyzing children’s play dialogues (pp. 53–70). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Wardaugh, R. (1985). How conversation works. Oxford: Blackwell.

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Published

2026-10-14

How to Cite

Grahame , P. R., & Jardine , D. W. (2026). Reconceptualizing “Classroom Deviance”: The Play Elements of Classroom Interactions. Canadian Journal of Education Revue Canadienne De l’éducation, 13(2), 338–341. Retrieved from https://cje-rce.ca/index.php/cje-rce/article/view/8340

Issue

Section

Research Note