Operant Conditioning in Education
Keywords:
behaviorism, operant conditioning, educational philosophy, educational theory, autonomy, reinforcement, teaching methodsAbstract
L'auteur fait l'analyse de la conception de B. F. Skinner sur la relation qui existe entre le conditionnement opérant et les exigences rationnelles de notre idéal pédagogique. L'auteur prétend que, bien que le conditionnement opérant joue un rôle important en pédagogie, c'est un rôle restreint; il affirme aussi que la distance que prend Skinner face aux concepts tels que éducation, autonomie, liberté, etc., fait disparaître les distinctions logiques (rationnelles) qui sont indispensables à l'éducation et à l'enseignement. Il dénonce l'usage extensif qu'a fait Skinner du terme technique « renforcement » qu'il applique à des sujets non expérimentaux; cet usage a pour effet de rendre ce concept vague et inutile, en plus de créer chez les gens la confusion et de les éloigner des préoccupations éducatives les plus importantes.
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